The researchers combined patterns of smoking to create four mutually-exclusive groups: never smoked, smoked 1 cigarette a day, smoked 5 cigarettes a day, and smoked 20 cigarettes a day
Russ Adams was great to work with
1994, Oxford: Oxford University Press Gandini S, Botteri E, Iodice S, Boniol M, Lowenfels AB, Maisonneuve P, Boyle P: Tobacco smoking and cancer: a meta-analysis
In 2024, a congressional committee approved a proposed constitutional ban on electronic cigarettes and vaping that was passed and is now in the process of becoming law
Ultimately, no nicotine product is completely without risk, and the safest choice is to eliminate nicotine addiction altogether