Specifically, the possibility of reverse causality cannot be excluded
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We believe that the results for the association between smoking and each of the 36 health outcomes generated by the present study, including the mean risk function, BPRF, ROS, average excess risk and star rating, could be useful to a range of stakeholders
However, while voluntary corporate action like Walmarts is welcome and can make a difference, governmental policy can have a bigger impact and reach, and can better target existing disparities in tobacco retailer density
[15] On 1 June 2015, Quebec Superior Court Justice Brian Riordan had awarded more than $15 billion to Quebec smokers in a landmark case that pitted them against three Canadian cigarette giants, including JTI-Macdonald Corp