76 Unlike conventional fluorophores that suffer from the ACQ effect, AIE fluorophores are not emissive in solution but become highly emissive in the aggregated or solid state due to the restriction of intramolecular motions
10.1021/nn3059295 89 HuoS.JinS.MaX.XueX.YangK.KumarA.et al (2014)

American Diabetes Association: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes, 2025 American Diabetes Association: Sequential Intensification of Metformin Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes With Liraglutide Followed by Randomized Addition of Basal Insulin Prompted by A1C Targets New England Journal of Medicine: Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity NIH: Metformin-induced glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion contributes to the actions of metformin in type 2 diabetes ADA: Effect of Metformin on Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) and Leptin Levels in Obese Nondiabetic Subjects ScienceDirect: Side Effect Synergism Between Metformin and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Endocrinology: Mechanisms Underlying Metformin-Induced Secretion of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 from the Intestinal L Cell Drugs: Metformin: Package Insert / Prescribing Info Metformin NIH Label: METFORMIN (Oral) Drug Information FDA Label: OZEMPIC (Semaglutide Injection) Medication Guide FDA Label: WEGOVY (Semaglutide Injection) Medication Guide FDA Label: RYBELSUS (Oral Semaglutide) Medication Guide FDA Label: MOUNJARO (Tirzepatide Injection) Medication Guide FDA Label: ZEPBOUND (Tirzepatide Injection) Medication Guide Liraglutide FDA Labels: FDA Label: VICTOZA (Liraglutide Injection) Medication Guide FDA Label: SAXENDA (Liraglutide Injection) Medication Guide Important Medical Information and Disclaimers MEDICAL DISCLAIMER This article, How Can Metformin Enhance the Results of GLP-1 Medication for Weight Loss?, is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment
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In the meantime, these are effective tools." 2
Moreover, this review highlights that CHAC1 upregulation enhances cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents by promoting oxidative stress and cell death pathways, including apoptosis and ferroptosis