if you smoke 2 cigarettes a day “I only day… am I safe?”, This is one of the most common questions people ask when they try to cut down. While reducing the number of cigarettes is a good first step, it does not Understanding occasional-smoking risks | Ohio

Importantly, studies comparing the effects of e-cigarettes to tobacco-free individuals have yielded mixed results: Some studies suggest that vaping causes adverse molecular and physiological changes (170, 171), while others report no change in health risk (127, 172)

A previous study showed a correlation between e-cigarette use and increased symptomatic dry eye and decreased tear film, theorizing that the propylene glycol used as solvent for the e-cigarette liquid produces free radicals which damage the lipid layer of the tear film by lipid peroxidation. In this study, e-cigarette users were found to have lower tear meniscus heights and tear breakup times, which were thought to be from deterioration of the lipid layer, but normal to elevated Schirmer testing indicated increased reflex tearing, the authors noted

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Hot smoke can warp the plastic aligners, ruining their fit

On the other hand, chronic cigarette smokers perform worse than nonsmokers on neurocognitive measures of fine motor skills and postural stability [11]